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Bupron Sr
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)
- Availability: In Stock (73 packs)
- Active Ingredient: bupropion
- Analogs of Bupron Sr
- Zyban (extended Release)
| Package | Per Pill | Savings | Per Pack | Order |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 pills | $93.41 | |||
| 60 pills | $2.55 | $33.63 | $186.82 $153.19 | |
| 90 pills | $2.37 | $67.26 | $280.23 $212.97 | |
| 120 pills | $2.27 | $100.89 | $373.64 $272.75 | |
| 180 pills | $2.18 | $168.13 | $560.46 $392.33 | |
| 270 pills | $2.12 | $269.01 | $840.69 $571.68 | |
| 360 pills | $2.09 | $369.91 | $1120.92 $751.01 |
Bupron Sr (Bupropion)
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM).
The efficacy of bupropion in the treatment of a major depressive episode was established in two 4-week controlled inpatient trials and one 6-week controlled outpatient trial of adult subjects
with MDD [see Clinical Studies (14)].
The efficacy of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) in maintaining an antidepressant response for up to 44 weeks following 8 weeks of acute treatment was demonstrated in a
placebo-controlled trial [see Clinical Studies (14)].
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are an aminoketone antidepressant, indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). ( 1)
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
• Starting dose: 150 mg/day. (2.1)
• General: Increase dose gradually to reduce seizure risk. (2.1, 5.3)
• After 3 days, may increase the dose to 300 mg/day, given as 150 mg twice daily at an interval of at least 8 hours. (2.1)
• Usual target dose: 300 mg/day as 150 mg twice daily. (2.1)
• Maximum dose: 400 mg/day, given as 200 mg twice daily, for patients not responding to 300 mg/day. (2.1)
• Periodically reassess the dose and need for maintenance treatment. (2.1)
• Moderate to severe hepatic impairment: 100 mg daily or 150 mg every other day. (2.2, 8.7)
• Mild hepatic impairment: Consider reducing the dose and/or frequency of dosing. (2.2, 8.7)
• Renal impairment: Consider reducing the dose and/or frequency. (2.3, 8.6)
2.1 General Instructions for Use
To minimize the risk of seizure, increase the dose gradually [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] . Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR)
should be swallowed whole and not crushed, divided, or chewed. Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) may be taken with or without food.
The usual adult target dose for bupropion hydrochloride extended-release (SR) tablet is 300 mg/day, given as 150 mg twice daily. Initiate dosing with 150 mg/day given as a single daily dose in
the morning. After 3 days of dosing, the dose may be increased to the 300 mg/day target dose, given as 150 mg twice daily. There should be an interval of at least 8 hours between successive
doses. A maximum of 400 mg/day, given as 200 mg twice daily, may be considered for patients in whom no clinical improvement is noted after several weeks of treatment at 300 mg/day. To avoid high
peak concentrations of bupropion and/or its metabolites, do not exceed 200 mg in any single dose.
It is generally agreed that acute episodes of depression require several months or longer of antidepressant drug treatment beyond the response in the acute episode. It is unknown whether the dose
of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) needed for maintenance treatment is identical to the dose that provided an initial response. Periodically reassess the need for
maintenance treatment and the appropriate dose for such treatment.
2.2 Dose Adjustment in Patients with Hepatic Impairment
In patients with moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh score: 7 to 15), the maximum dose of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) is 100 mg/day or 150 mg every other day. In patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh score: 5 to 6), consider reducing the dose and/or frequency of dosing [see Use in Specific Populations (8.7), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .
2.3 Dose Adjustment in Patients with Renal Impairment
Consider reducing the dose and/or frequency of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) in patients with renal impairment (Glomerular Filtration Rate [GFR] less than 90 mL/min) [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)] .
2.4 Switching a Patient to or from a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Antidepressant
At least 14 days should elapse between discontinuation of an MAOI intended to treat depression and initiation of therapy with bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR). Conversely, at least 14 days should be allowed after stopping bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) before starting an MAOI antidepressant [see Contraindications (4), Drug Interactions (7.6)] .
2.5 Use of Bupropion Hydrochloride Extended-Release Tablets (SR) with Reversible MAOIs Such as Linezolid or Methylene Blue
Do not start bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) in a patient who is being treated with a reversible MAOI such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue. Drug interactions can
increase the risk of hypertensive reactions. In a patient who requires more urgent treatment of a psychiatric condition, non-pharmacological interventions, including hospitalization, should be
considered [see Contraindications (4), Drug Interactions (7.6)] .
In some cases, a patient already receiving therapy with bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) may require urgent treatment with linezolid or intravenous methylene blue. If
acceptable alternatives to linezolid or intravenous methylene blue treatment are not available and the potential benefits of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue treatment are judged to
outweigh the risks of hypertensive reactions in a particular patient, bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) should be stopped promptly, and linezolid or intravenous methylene blue
can be administered. The patient should be monitored for 2 weeks or until 24 hours after the last dose of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue, whichever comes first. Therapy with bupropion
hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) may be resumed 24 hours after the last dose of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue.
The risk of administering methylene blue by non-intravenous routes (such as oral tablets or by local injection) or in intravenous doses much lower than 1 mg/kg with bupropion hydrochloride
extended-release tablets (SR) is unclear. The clinician should, nevertheless, be aware of the possibility of a drug interaction with such use [see Contraindications
(4), Drug Interactions (7.6)] .
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS
• Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are contraindicated in patients with a seizure disorder.
• Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are contraindicated in patients with a current or prior diagnosis of bulimia or anorexia nervosa as a higher incidence of seizures was
observed in such patients treated with the immediate-release formulation of bupropion [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].
• Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are contraindicated in patients undergoing abrupt discontinuation of alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and antiepileptic drugs
[see Warnings and Precautions (5.3), Drug Interactions (7.3)].
• The use of MAOIs (intended to treat psychiatric disorders) concomitantly with bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) or within 14 days of discontinuing treatment with
bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are contraindicated. There is an increased risk of hypertensive reactions when bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are used
concomitantly with MAOIs. The use of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) within 14 days of discontinuing treatment with an MAOI is also contraindicated. Starting bupropion
hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) in a patient treated with reversible MAOIs such as linezolid or intravenous methylene blue is contraindicated [see Dosage
and Administration (2.4, 2.5), Warnings and Precautions (5.4), Drug Interactions (7.6)].
• Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to bupropion or other ingredients of bupropion hydrochloride
extended-release tablets (SR) Anaphylactoid/anaphylactic reactions and Stevens-Johnson syndrome have been reported [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)].
• Seizure disorder. ( 4, 5.3)
• Current or prior diagnosis of bulimia or anorexia nervosa. (4, 5.3)
• Abrupt discontinuation of alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, antiepileptic drugs. ( 4, 5.3)
• Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs): Do not use MAOIs intended to treat psychiatric disorders with bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) or within 14 days of stopping treatment
with bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR). Do not use bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) within 14 days of stopping an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric
disorders. In addition, do not start bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) in a patient who is being treated with linezolid or intravenous methylene blue. ( 4, 7.6)
• Known hypersensitivity to bupropion or other ingredients of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR). ( 4, 5.8)
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
• Neuropsychiatric adverse events during smoking cessation: Postmarketing reports of serious or clinically significant neuropsychiatric adverse events have included
changes in mood (including depression and mania), psychosis, hallucinations, paranoia, delusions, homicidal ideation, aggression, hostility, agitation, anxiety, and panic, as well as
suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and completed suicide. Observe patients attempting to quit smoking with bupropion for the occurrence of such symptoms and instruct them to discontinue
bupropion and contact a healthcare provider if they experience such adverse events. ( 5.2)
• Seizure risk: The risk is dose-related. Can minimize risk by gradually increasing the dose and limiting daily dose to 400 mg. Discontinue if seizure occurs. ( 4,
5.3, 7.3)
• Hypertension: Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) can increase blood pressure. Monitor blood pressure before initiating treatment and periodically during
treatment. ( 5.4)
• Activation of mania/hypomania: Screen patients for bipolar disorder and monitor for these symptoms. ( 5.5)
• Psychosis and other neuropsychiatric reactions: Instruct patients to contact a healthcare professional if such reactions occur. ( 5.6)
• Angle-closure glaucoma: Angle-closure glaucoma has occurred in patients with untreated anatomically narrow angles treated with antidepressants. ( 5.7)
5.1 Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults
Patients with MDD, both adult and pediatric, may experience worsening of their depression and/or the emergence of suicidal ideation and behavior (suicidality) or unusual changes in behavior,
whether or not they are taking antidepressant medications, and this risk may persist until significant remission occurs. Suicide is a known risk of depression and certain other psychiatric
disorders, and these disorders themselves are the strongest predictors of suicide. There has been a long-standing concern that antidepressants may have a role in inducing worsening of depression
and the emergence of suicidality in certain patients during the early phases of treatment.
Pooled analyses of short-term placebo-controlled trials of antidepressant drugs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs] and others) show that these drugs increase the risk of suicidal
thinking and behavior (suicidality) in children, adolescents, and young adults (ages 18 to 24) with MDD and other psychiatric disorders. Short-term clinical trials did not show an increase in the
risk of suicidality with antidepressants compared with placebo in adults beyond age 24; there was a reduction with antidepressants compared with placebo in adults aged 65 and older.
The pooled analyses of placebo-controlled trials in children and adolescents with MDD, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), or other psychiatric disorders included a total of 24 short-term trials
of 9 antidepressant drugs in over 4,400 subjects. The pooled analyses of placebo-controlled trials in adults with MDD or other psychiatric disorders included a total of 295 short-term trials
(median duration of 2 months) of 11 antidepressant drugs in over 77,000 subjects. There was considerable variation in risk of suicidality among drugs, but a tendency toward an increase in the
younger subjects for almost all drugs studied. There were differences in absolute risk of suicidality across the different indications, with the highest incidence in MDD. The risk differences
(drug vs. placebo), however, were relatively stable within age strata and across indications. These risk differences (drug-placebo difference in the number of cases of suicidality per 1,000
subjects treated) are provided in Table 1.
Table 1. Risk Differences in the Number of Suicidality Cases by Age Group in the Pooled Placebo-Controlled Trials of Antidepressants in Pediatric and Adult Subjects
|
Age Range |
Drug-Placebo Difference in Number of Cases of Suicidality per 1,000 Subjects Treated |
|
Increases Compared with Placebo |
|
|
<18 |
14 additional cases |
|
18 to 24 |
5 additional cases |
|
Decreases Compared with Placebo |
|
|
25 to 64 |
1 fewer case |
|
≥65 |
6 fewer cases |
No suicides occurred in any of the pediatric trials. There were suicides in the adult trials, but the number was not sufficient to reach any conclusion about drug effect on suicide.
It is unknown whether the suicidality risk extends to longer-term use, i.e., beyond several months. However, there is substantial evidence from placebo-controlled maintenance trials in adults
with depression that the use of antidepressants can delay the recurrence of depression.
All patients being treated with antidepressants for any indication should be monitored appropriately and observed closely for clinical worsening, suicidality, and unusual changes in
behavior, especially during the initial few months of a course of drug therapy, or at times of dose changes, either increases or decreases [see Boxed Warning] .
The following symptoms, anxiety, agitation, panic attacks, insomnia, irritability, hostility, aggressiveness, impulsivity, akathisia (psychomotor restlessness), hypomania, and mania, have been
reported in adult and pediatric patients being treated with antidepressants for major depressive disorder as well as for other indications, both psychiatric and nonpsychiatric. Although a causal
link between the emergence of such symptoms and either the worsening of depression and/or the emergence of suicidal impulses has not been established, there is concern that such symptoms may
represent precursors to emerging suicidality.
Consideration should be given to changing the therapeutic regimen, including possibly discontinuing the medication, in patients whose depression is persistently worse, or who are experiencing
emergent suicidality or symptoms that might be precursors to worsening depression or suicidality, especially if these symptoms are severe, abrupt in onset, or were not part of the patient’s
presenting symptoms.
Families and caregivers of patients being treated with antidepressants for MDD or other indications, both psychiatric and nonpsychiatric, should be alerted about the need to monitor
patients for the emergence of agitation, irritability, unusual changes in behavior, and the other symptoms described above, as well as the emergence of suicidality, and to report such symptoms
immediately to healthcare providers. Such monitoring should include daily observation by families and caregivers. Prescriptions for bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) should be
written for the smallest quantity of tablets consistent with good patient management, in order to reduce the risk of overdose.
5.2 Neuropsychiatric Adverse Events and Suicide Risk in Smoking Cessation Treatment
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are not approved for smoking cessation treatment; however, it contains the same active ingredient as the smoking cessation medication ZYBAN.
Serious neuropsychiatric adverse events have been reported in patients taking bupropion for smoking cessation. These postmarketing reports have included changes in mood (including depression and
mania), psychosis, hallucinations, paranoia, delusions, homicidal ideation, aggression, hostility, agitation, anxiety, and panic, as well as suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and completed
suicide [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)] . Some patients who stopped smoking may have been experiencing symptoms of nicotine withdrawal, including depressed mood.
Depression, rarely including suicidal ideation, has been reported in smokers undergoing a smoking cessation attempt without medication. However, some of these adverse events occurred in patients
taking bupropion who continued to smoke.
Neuropsychiatric adverse events occurred in patients without and with pre-existing psychiatric disease; some patients experienced worsening of their psychiatric illnesses. Observe patients for
the occurrence of neuropsychiatric adverse events. Advise patients and caregivers that the patient should stop taking bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) and contact a
healthcare provider immediately if agitation, depressed mood, or changes in behavior or thinking that are not typical for the patient are observed, or if the patient develops suicidal ideation or
suicidal behavior. In many postmarketing cases, resolution of symptoms after discontinuation of bupropion was reported. However, the symptoms persisted in some cases; therefore, ongoing
monitoring and supportive care should be provided until symptoms resolve.
5.3 Seizure
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) can cause seizure. The risk of seizure is dose-related. The dose should not exceed 400 mg/day. Increase the dose gradually. Discontinue
bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) and do not restart treatment if the patient experiences a seizure.
The risk of seizures is also related to patient factors, clinical situations, and concomitant medications that lower the seizure threshold. Consider these risks before initiating treatment with
bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR). Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are contraindicated in patients with a seizure disorder, current or prior diagnosis of
anorexia nervosa or bulimia, or undergoing abrupt discontinuation of alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and antiepileptic drugs [see Contraindications (4),
Drug Interactions (7.3)] . The following conditions can also increase the risk of seizure: severe head injury; arteriovenous malformation; CNS tumor or CNS
infection; severe stroke; concomitant use of other medications that lower the seizure threshold (e.g., other bupropion products, antipsychotics, tricyclic antidepressants, theophylline, and
systemic corticosteroids); metabolic disorders (e.g., hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, severe hepatic impairment, and hypoxia); use of illicit drugs (e.g., cocaine); or abuse or misuse of prescription
drugs such as CNS stimulants. Additional predisposing conditions include diabetes mellitus treated with oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin; use of anorectic drugs; and excessive use of alcohol,
benzodiazepines, sedative/hypnotics, or opiates.
Incidence of Seizure with Bupropion Use
When bupropion hydrochloride extended-release (SR) tablet is dosed up to 300 mg/day, the incidence of seizure is approximately 0.1% (1/1,000) and increases to approximately 0.4% (4/1,000) at the
maximum recommended dose of 400 mg/day.
The risk of seizure can be reduced if the dose of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) does not exceed 400 mg/day, given as 200 mg twice daily, and the titration rate is gradual.
5.4 Hypertension
Treatment with bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) can result in elevated blood pressure and hypertension. Assess blood pressure before initiating treatment with bupropion
hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) and monitor periodically during treatment. The risk of hypertension is increased if bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are used
concomitantly with MAOIs or other drugs that increase dopaminergic or noradrenergic activity [see Contraindications (4)].
Data from a comparative trial of the sustained-release formulation of bupropion HCl, nicotine transdermal system (NTS), the combination of sustained-release bupropion plus NTS, and placebo as an
aid to smoking cessation suggest a higher incidence of treatment-emergent hypertension in patients treated with the combination of sustained-release bupropion and NTS. In this trial, 6.1% of
subjects treated with the combination of sustained-release bupropion and NTS had treatment-emergent hypertension compared with 2.5%, 1.6%, and 3.1% of subjects treated with sustained-release
bupropion, NTS, and placebo, respectively. The majority of these subjects had evidence of pre-existing hypertension. Three subjects (1.2%) treated with the combination of sustained-release
bupropion and NTS and 1 subject (0.4%) treated with NTS had study medication discontinued due to hypertension compared with none of the subjects treated with sustained-release bupropion or
placebo. Monitoring of blood pressure is recommended in patients who receive the combination of bupropion and nicotine replacement.
In a clinical trial of bupropion immediate-release in MDD subjects with stable congestive heart failure (N = 36), bupropion was associated with an exacerbation of pre-existing hypertension in 2
subjects, leading to discontinuation of bupropion treatment. There are no controlled trials assessing the safety of bupropion in patients with a recent history of myocardial infarction or
unstable cardiac disease.
5.5 Activation of Mania/Hypomania
Antidepressant treatment can precipitate a manic, mixed, or hypomanic manic episode. The risk appears to be increased in patients with bipolar disorder or who have risk factors for bipolar disorder. Prior to initiating bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR), screen patients for a history of bipolar disorder and the presence of risk factors for bipolar disorder (e.g., family history of bipolar disorder, suicide, or depression). Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) are not approved for use in treating bipolar depression.
5.6 Psychosis and Other Neuropsychiatric Reactions
Depressed patients treated with bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) have had a variety of neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms, including delusions, hallucinations, psychosis, concentration disturbance, paranoia, and confusion. Some of these patients had a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. In some cases, these symptoms abated upon dose reduction and/or withdrawal of treatment. Instruct patients to contact a healthcare professional if such reactions occur.
5.7 Angle-Closure Glaucoma
The pupillary dilation that occurs following use of many antidepressant drugs including bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) may trigger an angle-closure attack in a patient with anatomically narrow angles who does not have a patent iridectomy.
5.8 Hypersensitivity Reactions
Anaphylactoid/anaphylactic reactions have occurred during clinical trials with bupropion. Reactions have been characterized by pruritus, urticaria, angioedema, and dyspnea requiring medical
treatment. In addition, there have been rare, spontaneous postmarketing reports of erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and anaphylactic shock associated with bupropion. Instruct
patients to discontinue bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) and consult a healthcare provider if they develop an allergic or anaphylactoid/anaphylactic reaction (e.g., skin
rash, pruritus, hives, chest pain, edema, and shortness of breath) during treatment.
There are reports of arthralgia, myalgia, fever with rash, and other serum sickness-like symptoms suggestive of delayed hypersensitivity.
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS
The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling:
• Suicidal thoughts and behaviors in adolescents and young adults [see Boxed Warning, Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
• Neuropsychiatric symptoms and suicide risk in smoking cessation treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]
• Seizure [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]
• Hypertension [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]
• Activation of mania or hypomania [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]
• Psychosis and other neuropsychiatric reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]
• Angle-closure glaucoma [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)]
• Hypersensitivity reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)]
Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥5% and ≥2% more than placebo rate) are: headache, dry mouth, nausea, insomnia, dizziness, pharyngitis, constipation, agitation, anxiety, abdominal pain, tinnitus, tremor, palpitation, myalgia, sweating, rash, and anorexia. ( 6.1)
To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Annora Pharma Private Limited at 1-866-495-1995 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
6.1 Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical
trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.
Adverse Reactions Leading to Discontinuation of Treatment
In placebo-controlled clinical trials, 4%, 9%, and 11% of the placebo, 300 mg/day, and 400 mg/day groups, respectively, discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions. The specific adverse
reactions leading to discontinuation in at least 1% of the 300 mg/day or 400 mg/day groups and at a rate at least twice the placebo rate are listed in Table 2.
Table 2. Treatment Discontinuations Due to Adverse Reactions in Placebo-Controlled Trials
|
Adverse Reaction |
Placebo (n = 385) |
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) 300 mg/day (n = 376) |
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) 400 mg/day (n = 114) |
|
Rash |
0.0% |
2.4% |
0.9% |
|
Nausea |
0.3% |
0.8% |
1.8% |
|
Agitation |
0.3% |
0.3% |
1.8% |
|
Migraine |
0.3% |
0.0% |
1.8% |
Commonly Observed Adverse Reactions
Adverse reactions from Table 3 occurring in at least 5% of subjects treated with bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) and at a rate at least twice the placebo rate are listed
below for the 300 and 400 mg/day dose groups.
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) 300 mg/day:Anorexia, dry mouth, rash, sweating, tinnitus, and tremor.
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) 400 mg/day: Abdominal pain, agitation, anxiety, dizziness, dry mouth, insomnia, myalgia, nausea, palpitation, pharyngitis, sweating,
tinnitus, and urinary frequency.
Adverse reactions reported in placebo-controlled trials are presented in Table 3. Reported adverse reactions were classified using a COSTART-based Dictionary. Table 3. Adverse
Reactions Reported by at Least 1% of Subjects and at a Greater Frequency than Placebo in Controlled Clinical Trials
|
Body System/ Adverse Reaction |
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) 300 mg/day (n = 376) |
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) 400 mg/day (n = 114) |
Placebo (n = 385) |
|
Body (general) |
|
|
|
|
Headache |
26% |
25% |
23% |
|
Infection |
8% |
9% |
6% |
|
Abdominal pain |
3% |
9% |
2% |
|
Asthenia |
2% |
4% |
2% |
|
Chest pain |
3% |
4% |
1% |
|
Pain |
2% |
3% |
2% |
|
Fever |
1% |
2% |
— |
|
Cardiovascular |
|
|
|
|
Palpitation |
2% |
6% |
2% |
|
Flushing |
1% |
4% |
— |
|
Migraine |
1% |
4% |
1% |
|
Hot flashes |
1% |
3% |
1% |
|
Digestive |
|
|
|
|
Dry mouth |
17% |
24% |
7% |
|
Nausea |
13% |
18% |
8% |
|
Constipation |
10% |
5% |
7% |
|
Diarrhea |
5% |
7% |
6% |
|
Anorexia |
5% |
3% |
2% |
|
Vomiting |
4% |
2% |
2% |
|
Dysphagia |
0% |
2% |
0% |
|
Musculoskeletal |
|
|
|
|
Myalgia |
2% |
6% |
3% |
|
Arthralgia |
1% |
4% |
1% |
|
Arthritis |
0% |
2% |
0% |
|
Twitch |
1% |
2% |
— |
|
Nervous system |
|
|
|
|
Insomnia |
11% |
16% |
6% |
|
Dizziness |
7% |
11% |
5% |
|
Agitation |
3% |
9% |
2% |
|
Anxiety |
5% |
6% |
3% |
|
Tremor |
6% |
3% |
1% |
|
Nervousness |
5% |
3% |
3% |
|
Somnolence |
2% |
3% |
2% |
|
Irritability |
3% |
2% |
2% |
|
Memory decreased |
— |
3% |
1% |
|
Paresthesia |
1% |
2% |
1% |
|
Central nervous system stimulation |
2% |
1% |
1% |
|
Respiratory |
|
|
|
|
Pharyngitis |
3% |
11% |
2% |
|
Sinusitis |
3% |
1% |
2% |
|
Increased cough |
1% |
2% |
1% |
|
Skin |
|
|
|
|
Sweating |
6% |
5% |
2% |
|
Rash |
5% |
4% |
1% |
|
Pruritus |
2% |
4% |
2% |
|
Urticaria |
2% |
1% |
0% |
|
Special senses |
|
|
|
|
Tinnitus |
6% |
6% |
2% |
|
Taste perversion |
2% |
4% |
— |
|
Blurred vision or diplopia |
3% |
2% |
2% |
|
Urogenital |
|
|
|
|
Urinary frequency |
2% |
5% |
2% |
|
Urinary urgency |
— |
2% |
0% |
|
Vaginal hemorrhage a |
0% |
2% |
— |
|
Urinary tract infection |
1% |
0% |
— |
aIncidence based on the number of female subjects.
— Hyphen denotes adverse events occurring in greater than 0 but less than 0.5% of subjects.
Other Adverse Reactions Observed during the Clinical Development of Bupropion
In addition to the adverse reactions noted above, the following adverse reactions have been reported in clinical trials with the sustained-release formulation of bupropion in depressed subjects
and in nondepressed smokers, as well as in clinical trials with the immediate-release formulation of bupropion.
Adverse reaction frequencies represent the proportion of subjects who experienced a treatment-emergent adverse reaction on at least one occasion in placebo-controlled trials for depression (n =
987) or smoking cessation (n = 1,013), or subjects who experienced an adverse reaction requiring discontinuation of treatment in an open-label surveillance trial with bupropion hydrochloride
extended-release tablets (SR) (n = 3,100). All treatment-emergent adverse reactions are included except those listed in Table 3, those listed in other safety-related sections of the prescribing
information, those subsumed under COSTART terms that are either overly general or excessively specific so as to be uninformative, those not reasonably associated with the use of the drug, and
those that were not serious and occurred in fewer than 2 subjects.
Adverse reactions are further categorized by body system and listed in order of decreasing frequency according to the following definitions of frequency: Frequent adverse reactions are defined as
those occurring in at least 1/100 subjects. Infrequent adverse reactions are those occurring in 1/100 to 1/1,000 subjects, while rare events are those occurring in less than 1/1,000
subjects.
Body (General):Infrequent were chills, facial edema, and photosensitivity. Rare was malaise.
Cardiovascular: Infrequent were postural hypotension, stroke, tachycardia, and vasodilation. Rare were syncope and myocardial infarction.
Digestive:Infrequent were abnormal liver function, bruxism, gastric reflux, gingivitis, increased salivation, jaundice, mouth ulcers, stomatitis, and thirst. Rare was edema of
tongue.
Hemic and Lymphatic:Infrequent was ecchymosis.
Metabolic and Nutritional:Infrequent were edema and peripheral edema.
Musculoskeletal:Infrequent were leg cramps.
Nervous System:Infrequent were abnormal coordination, decreased libido, depersonalization, dysphoria, emotional lability, hostility, hyperkinesia, hypertonia, hypesthesia, suicidal
ideation, and vertigo. Rare were amnesia, ataxia, derealization, and hypomania.
Respiratory:Rare was bronchospasm.
Special Senses:Infrequent were accommodation abnormality and dry eye.
Urogenital:Infrequent were impotence, polyuria, and prostate disorder.
Changes in Body Weight
In placebo-controlled trials, subjects experienced weight gain or weight loss as shown in Table 4.
Table 4. Incidence of Weight Gain and Weight Loss (≥5 lbs.) in Placebo-Controlled Trials
|
Weight Change |
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) 300 mg/day (n = 339) |
Bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) 400 mg/day (n = 112) |
Placebo (n = 347) |
|
Gained >5 lbs. |
3% |
2% |
4% |
|
Lost >5 lbs. |
14% |
19% |
6% |
In clinical trials conducted with the immediate-release formulation of bupropion, 35% of subjects receiving tricyclic antidepressants gained weight, compared with 9% of subjects treated with the immediate-release formulation of bupropion. If weight loss is a major presenting sign of a patient’s depressive illness, the anorectic and/or weight-reducing potential of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) should be considered.
6.2 Postmarketing Experience
The following adverse reactions have been identified during postapproval use of bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets (SR) and are not described elsewhere in the label. Because these
reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
Body (General)
Arthralgia, myalgia, and fever with rash and other symptoms suggestive of delayed hypersensitivity. These symptoms may resemble serum sickness [see Warnings and
Precautions (5.8)].
Cardiovascular
Complete atrioventricular block, extrasystoles, hypotension, hypertension (in some cases severe), phlebitis, and pulmonary embolism.
Digestive
Colitis, esophagitis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, gum hemorrhage, hepatitis, intestinal perforation, pancreatitis, and stomach ulcer.
Endocrine
Hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, and syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.
Hemic and Lymphatic
Anemia, leukocytosis, leukopenia, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, and thrombocytopenia.
Altered PT and/or INR, infrequently associated with hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications, were observed when bupropion was coadministered with warfarin.
Metabolic and Nutritional
Glycosuria.
Musculoskeletal
Muscle rigidity/fever/rhabdomyolysis and muscle weakness.
Nervous System
Abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG), aggression, akinesia, aphasia, coma, completed suicide, delirium, delusions, dysarthria, euphoria, extrapyramidal syndrome (dyskinesia, dystonia, hypokinesia,
parkinsonism), hallucinations, increased libido, manic reaction, neuralgia, neuropathy, paranoid ideation, restlessness, suicide attempt, and unmasking tardive dyskinesia.
Respiratory
Pneumonia.
Skin
Alopecia, angioedema, exfoliative dermatitis, hirsutism, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, acute generalized
exanthematous pustulosis.
Special Senses
Deafness, increased intraocular pressure, and mydriasis.
Urogenital
Abnormal ejaculation, cystitis, dyspareunia, dysuria, gynecomastia, menopause, painful erection, salpingitis, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, and vaginitis.